Reading Skills: SQ3R

 The SQ3R method is a widely recognized strategy for effective reading and studying. The acronym SQ3R stands for Survey, Question, Read, Recite, and Review. This method was developed by education psychologist Francis P. Robinson in his 1946 book "Effective Study."

 

1. Survey:

   - Purpose: The survey step involves quickly looking over the entire text to get a sense of its structure, main ideas, and any visual elements such as headings, subheadings, and images.

   - Process: Look at the title, headings, and subheadings. Read any summaries or abstracts if available. Glance through the content to identify key concepts and the organization of the material.

 

2. Question:

   - Purpose: Formulate questions based on the information gathered during the survey step. This helps to create a purpose for reading and activates your prior knowledge.

   - Process: Turn the headings and subheadings into questions. If there are no explicit questions in the text, create your own based on the information you expect to find. This step engages your curiosity and prepares your mind to actively seek answers.

 

3. Read:

   - Purpose: Read the text with a focus on answering the questions formulated in the previous step. Actively seek information and take notes.

   - Process: Read the material carefully, paying attention to details and key concepts. Take notes or highlight important information. Try to answer the questions you generated in the previous step. Take breaks if needed to maintain focus.

 

4. Recite:

   - Purpose: Summarize and verbally recall the information you have just read. This step reinforces your understanding and helps consolidate the information in your memory.

   - Process: Close the book or look away from the text and try to recall the main points and key details. Use your notes to help you if needed. Verbalizing the information helps reinforce your understanding and retention.

 

5. Review:

   - Purpose: Review the material to reinforce your understanding and identify any areas where further clarification or study is needed.

   - Process: Go back and review your notes and the text. Look for any areas where your understanding is weak, and revisit those sections. Consider how the information fits into the broader context of the subject. This step helps solidify the information in your memory and prepares you for future learning or assessments.

 

The SQ3R method is designed to promote active engagement with the material, enhance comprehension, and improve retention. It is particularly useful for studying textbooks, academic articles, or any content where a deeper understanding is required. By incorporating these steps into your reading routine, you can develop effective study habits and improve your overall reading skills.